Technical feasibility of integrating red macroalgae (Gracilariopsis tenuifrons) to a recirculating aquaculture system with clownfish

Felipe P.A Cohen1, Elisabete S. Braga2, Vitor G. Chiozzini2 and Estela M. Plastino1

1Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brasil

2Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, Brasil

 

We set a total of four systems, each on composed by a black-cylindric fish tank (45 L) in recirculation with a white-rectangular alga tank (20 L), filled with synthetic seawater, for 91 days. Alga tanks were stocked with 38 g of female gametophytes (Gracilariopsis tenuifrons) and fish tanks with 80 individuals (Amphiprion percula; ~39.0 mg.ind.-1). Photosynthetically active radiation was ~100 μmol photons.m−2.s−1 (12h light.d-1). Fish were fed twice a day and tanks were siphoned three times a week to remove particulate solids. Partial water change (PWC) was done when tanks showed higher values of measured nutrients. Mean values for salinity, temperature and pH were 35 ± 1, 25.9 ± 0.6 °C, and 8.07 ± 0.23, respectively. Mean value of NH4-N was 0.01 ± 0.00 mg.L-1. NO2-N showed an increase in the first 40 days, reaching 2.0 ± 1.0 mg.L-1, but followed by a fast decrease, reaching a mean of 0.2 ± 0.2 mg.L-1 until the end. NO3-N and PO4-P accumulated, reaching a mean of 16.6 ± 4.4 mg.L-1 and 4.9 ± 1.3 mg.L1, respectively. Gp. tenuifrons showed a constant growth, reaching a mean mass of 131.3 ± 31.3 g (mean growth rate of 1.4 ± 0.8 %.d-1). Fish reached commercial size (498 ± 49 mg) with 97 ± 2% of survival. We did eight PWC per tank, resulting in a production of ~7 fish per kg of commercial salt. Using Gp. tenuifrons may be an opportunity to reduce effluent and to increase profitability in marine ornamental fish aquaculture. FAPESP 2019/09269-9.